Memorable Think Tank Contributions in 2023 You May Have Missed

July 2025

This July, we’re taking a journey to the past and revisiting our readers’ favorite articles from 2023. Sit back, relax, and enjoy the variety of topics in this month’s issue. 

“A good book is an event in my life.” – Stendhal

APA Reference for this issue: 

(author). (2025). (article title, sentence case). MindBrainEd Think Tanks: Memorable Think Tank Contributions in 2023 You May Have Missed, 11(7), (pages).

Watch before you read...

We’re revisiting the most-loved articles and related videos from the 2023 Think Tanks. In the first video, Nick Standlea explains key takeaways from Claudia Mueller and Carol Dweck’s paper “Praise for intelligence can undermine children’s motivation and performance.” Looking at the big picture, the second video shines a spotlight on fundamental questions concerning human-AI interaction. While we cannot live without bias, we can refine it and moderate it: The key is learning how it works, as is explained in the third video. In the fourth video, Jessica McCabe shares with viewers what it’s like to have ADHD. The fifth video describes three key parts of discourse analysis. In the sixth video, Lisa Mims persuasively explains why teachers should connect with students and care about their emotional wellbeing. Then, Heather Kretschmer introduces the issue.

In the Think Tank, Harumi Kimura writes about different ways students can experience growth mindset, while Louise Ohashi examines how the judicious use of AI can support foreign language learners. Stephen M. Ryan delves into bias, explaining how predictive processing invariably summons the four horse-persons: Bias, Stereotyping, Prejudice, and Discrimination. Then, Lexi Basciano explains what happens in the brains of people who have ADHD and how this impacts behavior. Next, Christine Winskowski proposes showing students in speaking classes how to do their own conversation analysis. Finally, Heather Kretschmer focuses on empathy and outlines activities that foster a caring classroom.

Growth Mindset: Don't Tell Kids They're "Smart"

The video highlights Carol Dweck’s research, which indicates that telling children they are smart may foster a fixed mindset, while emphasizing their effort nurtures a growth mindset. To encourage children to view challenges as opportunities to learn, Dweck recommends focusing on the process of learning rather than talking about innate intelligence. Find out more here in the video.

Evolving Interactions Between Humans and AI: Thinking Ethics of AI

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into daily interactions prompts questions about its ability to replace teachers. AI can assist humans in fields like education and healthcare, but its impact on human communication is uncertain. Questions remain, such as how interacting with AI differs from engaging with real people, and what this means for our relationships. Watch here to learn more.

Thinking, Fast and Slow by Daniel Kahneman

In this video, the speaker explains the difference between System 1 and System 2 thinking. System 1 thinking involves fast, automatic reactions essential for survival while System 2 thinking is characterized by slower, reflective processes. Although each system can be advantageous depending on the context, it is problematic when we use System 2 thinking when System 1 would be appropriate, potentially leading to biases. Discover more in the video.

How to (Explain) ADHD

Jessica McCabe briefly explains how the brains of people with ADHD differ from neurotypical brains, for example in the ways they regulate their attention and emotions. Despite their unique strengths, individuals with ADHD often face negative perceptions from others, which can adversely affect their self-esteem. Find out more in the video.

Discourse Analysis

In this video, Evan Ashworth presents three ways linguists study language beyond individual sentences, providing concrete examples of each one. Conversation analysis examines how speakers manage conversations. Discourse analysis looks at how speakers use language to construct meaning and identity, while critical discourse analysis grapples with how language is used to construct meaning through the lens of unequal power dynamics. Watch the video here.

The Power of a Caring Educator

Using anecdotes that tug on viewers’ heartstrings, Lisa Mims highlights the importance of expressing care as a teacher. She emphasizes that fostering children’s social and emotional development is key for effective learning. When educators form strong bonds with students, the latter can more effectively demonstrate what they can do academically. Learn more here.

Our Thoughts on 2023

Look Deeper to Appreciate Differences Heather Kretschmer

When I was working towards my MA TESL in a rural, sparsely populated, predominantly white university town in the US, I tutored a Chinese woman in English as part of my coursework. She had relocated to America alongside her husband, who was studying at my university. A few times, the three of us shared congenial meals outside of tutoring sessions. 

During one of those meals, my tutee casually said, “Before we came to America, we thought it was hard to tell white people apart.”

Her husband added, “Yes, it took us a while to see the differences.”

She smiled gently, “And how surprised we were when white people here told us they thought Asians looked alike.”

“But for us, each Asian person looks very different,” finished off her husband.

Think Tank Articles

A Tale of Two Approaches: Nurturing a Growth Mindset Harumi Kimura

I really like Dweck’s (2017) idea of mindset: a growth mindset, the belief that we can stretch our abilities, helps us make a difference in every aspect of our lives. People with a growth mindset believe in their potential and make efforts to make it happen. They know that they continue to be learners all their lives. The idea is encouraging, exciting, empowering, revealing, transforming—you name it! The growth mindset is a powerful motivator. It pushes us to be hardworking and persistent.

Rethinking Education in the Age of AI Louise Ohashi

Startling headlines like this from the New York Times (Huang, 2023, January 16)[1] have been widespread since ChatGPT’s release, but how is the average teacher responding? I’m currently analysing data from a worldwide study with 368 language teachers to find out, but in the meantime a quick search online shows reactions at both ends of the spectrum. On one side, innovators have already created learning materials and set AI-integrated assignments. On the other, ChatGPT has been banned and all written work moved to class time to prevent cheating. Love it or hate it, ChatGPT cannot be ignored because we are in a new Age of AI. The dial is about to be turned up.

They’ve Got to be Carefully Taught Stephen M. Ryan

They ride! Bias. Stereotyping. Prejudice. And Discrimination. The four horse-persons of the Illiberal Apocalypse. They ride through all lands. Through the domestic and international news. In our streets. In our classrooms. In our students’ heads. And (whisper it who dares) in our own.

ADHD to AD4K: A Clearer Picture of ADHD and the Brain Lexi Basciano

One of my favorite ways to unwind is watching The Simpsons. My partner Adam, our pup, and I cram onto the couch, our own Simpsons-like couch gag if you will, and giggle at the fast-paced, blink-and-you-miss-it, quick-witted humor. The episode we watched last night entitled, “Brother’s Little Helper,” features Bart’s Attention Deficit Disorder diagnosis. After a trip to the local laboratory and a comical demonstration on some studious guinea pigs, Bart’s parents agree to let him try an experimental drug. At first, Bart’s academic work ethic and behaviors substantially improve. When his sister Lisa questions his change in behavior, he asks her, “Did you know we only use ten percent of our brains?” To which Lisa and I rolled our eyes in a sort of fourth-wall breaking unison.

Teaching Talk (and Mind-Reading) with Conversation Analysis Christine Winskowski

Take a look at this brief conversation excerpt:

A. So, do you think you’re going to get the job?

B. I might, but what’s it to you?

A. Nothing much really. It’s not something I’d want to do.

Can you tell what is going on here? Do you get any impression about who these people might be? Are they male or female (or can you tell?)? What is their relationship?

Creating a Culture of Care in the Language Classroom Heather Kretschmer

Picture yourself walking into your first class on a Monday morning. Imagine you could hear all the thoughts running through your students’ heads. Here’s a sampling of what they’re thinking:

  • “Sooooo tired.”
  • “I hope the teacher doesn’t notice I didn’t do my homework.”
  • “I wish I hadn’t skipped breakfast. I’m hungry.”

Think Tank Plus

Call for Contributions: Ideas and Articles Think Tank Staff

Become a Think Tank star! Here are some of the future issue topics we are thinking about. Would you, or anyone you know, like to write about any of these? Or is there another topic you’d like to recommend? Do you have any suggestions for lead-in, or just plain interesting, videos? How about writing a book review? Or sending us a story about your experiences? Contact us.

Going Deeper

After reading Stephen M. Ryan’s article, we recommend checking out these two resources: 

  1. Rodgers and Hammerstein’s “You’ve Got to Be Carefully Taught” is a short and enjoyable song.
  2.  The cartoon “You’re not going to believe what I’m telling you” explains the backfire effect in a fun and visually appealing way, although it does refer to American culture and history in doing so. While the regular version has quite a bit of vulgar language, the clean version can be used in the classroom.

The MindBrained Think Tanks+

is produced by the Japan Association for Language Teaching (JALT) Mind, Brain, and Education Special Interest Group (BRAIN SIG). Kyoto, Japan. (ISSN 2434-1002)

Editorial Staff

      Stephen M. Ryan               Curtis H. Kelly              Julia Daley     

 Afon (Mohammad) Khari     Heather Kretschmer     Nicky De Proost

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